Measures to Control Rust in Green Gram

Rust is a common fungal disease that affects a wide range of plants, from vegetables and fruits to ornamental flowers and trees. It's caused by various fungi in the order Pucciniales, each specializing in specific host plants. While not usually fatal, rust can significantly reduce plant health and yield. Rust can significantly reduce plant growth, photosynthesis, and fruit or seed production. Loss of leaves can affect the plant's ability to produce energy and nutrients. Severely infected plants may produce fewer or smaller fruits or seeds, impacting overall yield and quality.

• Type of Infestation: Disease
• Common Name: Rust
• Causal Organism: Uromyces phaseoli
• Affected Parts Of the plant: Leaves, Stems, Pods

Identification:

• Leaf damage: Severely infected leaves will become dry, shriveled, and eventually fall off, leading to defoliation.
• Spread: While the main target is leaves, in rare cases, pustules might appear on stems and pods, although this is less common.

Environmental favorable factors for pests/Diseases:

• Temperature: Optimal growth and spore germination of the rust fungus occur between 18-25°C (64-77°F). 
• Humidity: Relative humidity above 70% provides a moist environment for spore germination, infection, and fungal growth. Frequent rain, morning dew, or humid microclimates within dense crop stands create favorable conditions for rust development.

Symptoms of Pest/Disease:

• Both the upper and lower surfaces of leaves are affected.
• Severely infected leaves become dry, shriveled, and eventually fall off, leading to defoliation.
• Reduced leaf area hinders photosynthesis and nutrient uptake, affecting plant health and yield.

 Measures to control Pests/Diseases: