Measures to Control Leaf Hopper in Green Gram

Leafhoppers are small, jumping insects that belong to the family Cicadellidae. They are common pests of many crops, including green gram. There are several species of leafhoppers that can attack green gram, but the most common one is the Empoasca kerri, also known as the green leafhopper. Leafhoppers are most damaging during the vegetative and flowering stages when they directly compete with the plant for essential nutrients crucial for pod and seed development. Damage during pod formation can directly reduce seed size and number.

• Type of Infestation: Pest
• Common Name: Leaf hopper
• Scientific Name: Empoasca kerri
• Affected Parts Of the plant: Leave 

Identification:

• Size and shape: Look for small, wedge-shaped insects (2-3mm long) with active movements, particularly on the underside of leaves.
• Color: The most common leafhopper in green gram, Empoasca kerri, is typically bright green but can vary to yellowish or brownish. Other species may have different color patterns.
• Markings: Observe any specific markings on the wings or body that might help narrow down the species.
• Jumping behavior: Leafhoppers are known for their characteristic jumping movement when disturbed.

Environmental Favorable factors for pest/Disease:

• Temperature: Leafhoppers favor warm temperatures, with 25-32°C being ideal for their development and activity.
• Humidity: Moderate humidity levels (50-70%) provide favorable conditions for egg laying, nymph survival, and adult activity.

 Symptoms of Pest:

• Yellowing of leaves, starting from the tips and margins
• Stunted growth
• Curling of leaves
• Sooty mold growth on leaves due to honeydew secreted by leafhoppers
• Wilting and drying of plants in severe cases

Measures to control Pest: