Banana (Musa sp.) is the second most important fruit crop in India next to mango. Its year round availability, affordability, varietal range, taste, nutritive and medicinal value makes it the favourite fruit among all classes of people. But it faces major threats from various pests and diseases , one of them being Aphids. Aphids are small, sap-sucking pests that significantly impact banana crops. In this blog we’ll talk about Aphids, their symptoms, favorable environmental conditions and what are effective control strategies.
What are Aphid Pests?
Aphids are tiny, soft-bodied insects that are common pests in gardens and agricultural fields. They are known for their pear-shaped bodies, long legs, and antennae, and they come in a variety of colors, including green, black, brown, and yellow. Aphids feed on the sap of plants, using their long, slender mouthparts to pierce the plant tissue and suck out the fluids. This feeding can damage plants, causing them to become stunted, wilted, and discolored. In addition, aphids can also transmit plant diseases as they move from plant to plant
Overview of Aphids in Banana Crop
|
Type of Infestation |
Pests |
|
Common Name |
Banana Aphids |
|
Causal Organism |
Pentalonia nigronervosa |
|
Affected Parts Of the plant |
Leaves, Pseudostem, Flower clusters |
How to identify Aphids in Banana crops?
The main characteristics of Aphid pest to identify is:
- Size: Typically less than 1/8 inch (3 mm) in length.
- Body shape: Pear-shaped or oval.
- Color: Green, yellow, brown, black, pink, or even translucent, depending on the species and stage of development.
- Legs: Long and slender.
- Antennae: Long and slender, extending from the head.
- Cornicles: Two tube-like structures projecting from the rear of the abdomen. This is a key characteristic that distinguishes aphids from other insects.
Environmental favorable factors for Aphids in Banana Crop:
- Temperature: Aphids prefer warm temperatures, between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius. In Bhopal, the average temperature in February is 21 degrees Celsius, which is within this range.
- Humidity: Aphids also prefer humid conditions. The average humidity in Bhopal in February is 62%, which is also within the range that is favorable for aphids.
Symptoms of Banana Crop affected by Aphids:
- Distorted leaves: Aphids feed on the sap of leaves, which can cause them to become curled, crinkled, or stunted. The edges of the leaves may also roll upwards.
- Yellowing leaves: As aphids drain the sap from leaves, they can turn yellow or pale green. This yellowing is often worse on the undersides of the leaves.
- Sticky honeydew: Aphids excrete a sugary substance called honeydew, which can attract ants and other insects. You may see this sticky substance on the leaves and stems of your banana plant.
- Sooty mold: Sooty mold is a black fungus that grows on honeydew. It can further damage the leaves of your banana plant by blocking sunlight.
Measures to control Aphids in Banana Crop:
Here are some of the best recommendations of control measures including chemical and biological methods
|
Products |
Technical Names |
Dosages |
|
Fipronil 5 % SC |
400-500 ml per Acre |
|
|
Fipronil 4% + Thiomethoxam 4% SC |
350 ml/acre |
|
|
Fipronil 40 % + Imidacloprid 40 % wg |
175-200 gm per acre |
|
|
Acetamiprid 20 % SP |
60 to 80 grams per acre |
|
| VERTICILLIUM LECANII + BEAUVERIA BASSIANA + METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE |
5-10 ml per Liter of Water. |
|
|
400 to 600 ml / acre |
FAQs for Aphids in Banana Crop
Q. What are aphids, and why are they a threat to banana crops?
A. Aphids are small, sap-sucking pests that feed on banana plants, causing stunted growth, distorted leaves, and transmitting plant diseases. They also secrete honeydew, which leads to sooty mold growth.
Q. How can I identify aphid infestation in my banana crop?
A. Look for small, pear-shaped insects, sticky honeydew on leaves, distorted or yellowing leaves, and black sooty mold growing on honeydew.
Q. What environmental factors promote aphid infestations in banana crops?
A. Aphids thrive in warm temperatures (20–30°C) and humid conditions, which are commonly found in regions like Bhopal.
Q. What chemical products are recommended to control aphids in banana crops?
A. Recommended products include:
- FANTASY (Fipronil 5% SC) at 400-500 ml/acre
- FOXY (Fipronil 4% + Thiomethoxam 4% SC) at 350 ml/acre
- Nashak (Fipronil 40% + Imidacloprid 40% WG) at 175-200 gm/acre
Q. Are there any organic methods to control aphids in banana crops?
A. Yes, activated neem oil at 400-600 ml/acre is an effective organic control measure
