Best ways to control Red Pumpkin Beetle in Watermelon

The pest attacks the melons at the seedling stage. Adult beetles chew large holes in watermelon leaves, reducing photosynthetic capacity and affecting plant growth. Seedlings are particularly vulnerable, and severe defoliation can stunt growth or even kill young plants. They may also bite into young fruits, leaving scars and blemishes that affect marketability. Larvae feed on the roots of watermelon plants, disrupting nutrient and water uptake.

Identification:

• Type : Pest
• Scientific Name : Aulacophora foveicollis
• Common Name : Red Pumpkin Beetle
• Major affected states : Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka 

Damage causing stages:

1. Adult Feeding:

• Adults are the most voracious feeders, devouring leaves, flowers, and fruits. Seedlings are particularly vulnerable, as leaf damage can stunt growth and even kill young plants. Holes chewed in the cotyledonary leaves can be detrimental, potentially leading to seedling death.
• Feeding on flowers can affect fruit set and reduce yield.

2. Larvae Feeding:

• While not as widely reported, the larvae of the Red Pumpkin Beetle may feed on roots and underground stems.

Favorable conditions for Pest:

• Warm Temperature: Ideal temperatures for Red Pumpkin Beetle activity range from 24°C to 30°C (75°F to 86°F).

• Moderate Humidity: While not as crucial as temperature, moderate humidity levels (around 60-70%) promote adult feeding and egg laying. 
• Sunny Periods: Bright sunlight provides warmth and encourages adult movement and feeding.

Symptoms:

Initial Symptoms:

• The first sign is spotting the bright red adults with black spots on your watermelon plants.
• Look for small, irregular holes chewed in leaves.
• Affected plants may appear slightly wilted or have delayed growth.
• Yellowing or whitish patches on leaves caused by the beetles' saliva extraction.

Severe Symptoms:

• Heavy feeding can lead to significant defoliation, impacting photosynthesis and plant health.
• Feeding on flowers can prevent fruit set, and damaged young fruits may drop prematurely.
• Extensive adult feeding on fruits can cause deep scars, scabs, and misshapen watermelons, reducing their marketability.

Control measures for Red Pumpkin Beetle in Watermelon: