The month of February is crucial for mango crops as flowering begins, and the process of fruit formation starts. If proper care and nutrition are not provided during this time, yield may decrease significantly. This article explains the essential precautions farmers must take in February and the necessary nutrient and irrigation management for mango orchards.
Three Stages of Mango Flowering
During February, mango flowering occurs in three major stages:
- Initial Stage: The process of flower formation begins.
- Bud Stage: Flower clusters develop and grow.
- Mature Stage: Flowers start transforming into fruits.
Proper nutrition and irrigation management are essential in all three stages.
Common Mistakes in Mango Orchards During February
Many farmers make certain mistakes during this critical period, which affect production:
- Irrigation after flowering: A significant mistake that increases the chances of flower drop.
- Excessive pesticide and fungicide spraying: This affects pollinators like honeybees, leading to reduced fruit formation.
- Improper nutrient management: Lack of essential nutrients at this stage results in poor fruit formation.
How to Prevent Flower Drop?
- Irrigation: Stop watering the orchard after flowering to regulate vegetative growth and promote reproductive growth.
- Spraying: Use minimal pesticides and fungicides during the flowering stage. If necessary, opt for low-molecular sprays.
- Nutrient Spray: Apply the right nutrients to prevent flower drop and ensure proper fruit development.
Major Pests and Diseases in Mango Crops During February
The following pests and diseases are more prevalent in mango crops during February:
Pests:
- Leafhoppers
- Thrips
- Mealybugs
Diseases:
- Powdery mildew
- Leaf spot
Preventive control measures should be applied before the flowering stage using appropriate organic or chemical treatments.
Proper Nutrient Management for Mango Crops
Providing the right nutrients in February is crucial for mango production.
Nutrients for the Early Stage:
- Potassium (K): Helps in increasing fruit size, sweetness, and shelf life.
- Magnesium (Mg): Enhances chlorophyll levels, improving photosynthesis.
- Zinc (Zn): Boosts enzyme activity and flowering.
- Boron (B): Promotes fruit formation from flowers.
Nutrients for the Mature Stage:
- Calcium (Ca): Prevents fruit drop and strengthens fruit tissues.
- Mixed Micronutrients: A combination of six essential trace elements that aid fruit development.
- Nitrogen (N): Supports fruit growth and quality improvement.
Irrigation and Nutrient Management
- Avoid spraying during excessive rainfall or intense sunlight.
- Timing of Spraying: Apply nutrient sprays at 15-20 day intervals.
- Use balanced fertilizers for optimum growth.
Conclusion
If farmers follow proper care and nutrition management in February, mango fruit quality and yield can increase by 40-50%. Providing the right nutrients at the right time enhances mango sweetness, size, and shelf life.
FAQs
Q. What are the best nutrients for mango trees during flowering?
A. Key nutrients include potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), and boron (B), which support flower formation and fruit setting.
Q. How does calcium benefit mango production?
A. Calcium helps prevent fruit drop, strengthens fruit tissues, and improves overall fruit quality.
Q. Should I water mango trees after flowering?
A. No, irrigation should be stopped after flowering to focus on reproductive growth and prevent excessive vegetative growth.
Q. How often should I apply nutrient sprays in mango orchards?
A. Nutrient sprays should be applied at 15-20 day intervals for optimal fruit development and quality enhancement.
Q. What is the best fertilizer for mango trees during fruit development?
A. A combination of potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and mixed micronutrients ensures strong fruit development and improved yield.
Q. How do I improve the sweetness of mangoes?
A. Applying potassium-rich fertilizers during fruit development enhances the sweetness and shelf life of mangoes.
